TACS•XL^® In situ Apoptosis Detection Kits

TACS•XL^® embodies a more robust approach for the in situ detection of apoptosis than other methods. The TACS•XL^® Kit is based on incorporation of bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) at the 3’ OH ends of the DNA fragments that are formed during apoptosis. The incorporation of BrdU by TdT is more efficient than either biotinylated or digoxigenin labeled nucleotides used in other terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL)-based assays. The detection system utilizes a biotin conjugated anti-BrdU antibody and streptavidin-horseradish peroxidase. The combination of antibody specificity with the signal enhancing properties of biotin streptavidin results in precise cellular labeling and the highest signal-to-noise ratio observed in competitive testing.

Three kit formats are available: TACS•XL^® DAB, TACS•XL^® Blue Label, and TACS•XL^® Basic. The TACS•XL® DAB Kit is supplied with DAB and Methyl Green counterstain, and the TACS•XL^® Blue Label Kit is provided with TACS Blue Label™ and Nuclear Fast Red counterstain. These complete kits provide all the reagents required for labeling including two permeabilization reagents, labeling and detection reagents, stop buffers, counterstain and TACS-Nuclease™ reagents for generating positive controls with your own samples. The TACS•XL^® Basic Kit provides the reagents necessary for routine labeling, and is ideal for researchers whose labs are equipped for standard immunohistochemical procedures involving horseradish-peroxidase.
Please refer to our components listing for details.

FEATURES:

• High signal-to-noise ratio generates stronger signal with less background.
• Less sensitive to protease-induced false positive labeling than digoxigenin or biotin-based kits.
• Complete kit provides either DAB or TACS Blue Label™ detection options.
• Includes exclusive Cytonin™ permeabilization reagent.
• Includes TACS-Nuclease™ control reagents.
• Readily adapted for fluorescence read-out.

APPLICATIONS:

• In situ detection of apoptosis (by TUNEL) in fixed frozen or paraffin embedded tissue sections.
• Assists in the identification of apoptotic morphologies.

ITEMS NOT INCLUDED:

Reagents for dehydration and rehydration of paraffin embedded sections, H2O2, methanol, PBS buffer, mounting medium, and disposables.

STORAGE:

Store components at -20°C, 4°C, and room temperature.

REFERENCES:

1. Murray, N., L.A. Davidson, R.S. Chapkin, W.C. Gustafson, D.G. Schattenberg, and A.P. Fields. 1999. Overexpression of protein kinase C II induces colonic hyperproliferation and increased sensitivity to colon carcinogenesis. J. Cell. Biol. 45:699-711.
2. Bank, N., M. Kiroycheva, P.C. Singhal, G.M. Anthony, G.J. Southan, and C. Szabo. 2000. Inhibition of nitric oxide synthase ameliorates cellular injury in sickle cell mouse kidneys. Kidney Int. 58:82-89.
3. Li, X. and Z. Darzynkiewicz. 1995. Labelling DNA strand breaks with BrdUTP. Detection of apoptosis and cell proliferation. Cell Prolif. 28:571-579.
4. Gavrieli. Y., Y. Sherman, and S.A. Ben-Sasson. 1992. Identification of programmed cell death in situ via specific labeling of nuclear DNA fragmentation. J. Cell. Biol. 119:493-501.

PRODUCT CITATION:

1. Wang, K.X., Y. Shi, and D.T. Denhardt. 2007. Osteopontin regulates hind limb unloadinginduced lymphoid organ atrophy and weight loss by modulating corticosteroid production Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 104:14777-14782,